The Atomic Bomb Essay - 4475 Words

ï‚ § Although there have been many interpretations and, some say, the decision was made because there were thousands and thousands of United States military men and women that were killed in the Pacific. ï‚ § Others say it was to get Japan to surrender. ï‚ § Still, one of the biggest question still being asked is to what extent do some of today scholars’ interpretations of the past documents /memoirs; suggest that the atomic bomb was a brilliant military move to cease the war or was it an excuse to impress the Soviets? ï‚ § There were even lots of evidence that were drawn from, memos, affidavits, letters, diaries, and discussions, at the White House, and later at the Potsdam conference that led up to President Truman deciding whether to use the atomic bomb. ï‚ § Some scholars today have even conferred on the facts that Truman and that the military feared that if a bomb of destruction got into the wrong hands, the answers would be devastating. Thus, in 1939 the Manhattan Project was created. Began employing more than 100,000 people around the world, and scientists fled from all over Europe to help with the project (Bellis, 2015). ï‚ § Others scholars felt that the only elements that President Truman and his administration were only concerned about how to save as many American lives and to prevent the Soviets from moving communism into Western Europe. ï‚ § Even then, scholars debate if the bomb contributed to another political struggle in the 20th century the Cold War between the U.S. and theShow MoreRelatedThe First Lightning: The First Russian Nuclear Atomic Bomb1060 Words   |  5 Pages29,1949 the first nuclear atomic bomb was dropped known as the â€Å"First Lighting.† It was dropped on the testing site in Semipalatinsk in Kazakhstan. This nuclear bomb was produced by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) also known as the Soviet Union. Igor Kurchatov was the director of the scientific soviet nuclear bomb program. There were two practice rounds two weeks prior to the explosion. During these two weeks period the Special Committee on the atomic bomb sent Lavrentii Beria toRead MoreAtomic And Nuclear Bomb : Atomic Bomb980 Words   |  4 Pages Atomic/Nuclear bomb The atomic bomb ended WWII when the United States dropped Fat Man and Little Boy on the japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This is what started the arms race known as the Cold War between the United States and Russia, the two major world superpowers left after WWII. The effects of the massive arms race between the two countries still to this day affect every citizen in the world due to the fact so many weapons of mass destruction were made some were even lost. AlongRead MoreThe Atomic Bomb1094 Words   |  5 PagesScientists have always strived for knowledge. With knowledge comes more power and understanding. There are many scientists and nations that can be accredited to helping create the atomic bomb. The idea of the atomic bomb with atoms and fission was not conceived overnight. The scientist from Ernest Rutherford who is from New Zealand to German, British, Japanese, and other scientist from across the globe all contributed to nuclear physics and research on the atom. Most who worked on the famous ManhattanRead MoreThe Atomic Bomb1214 Words   |  5 Pagessurviving an atomic bomb is a perfect example of surviving.. A man with a miracle on his side. His story became famous throughout the world. This man had the courage to tell his story to the world. Surviving the two atomic bombs is not a small thing to comprehend. Therefore, it would take a man who had the courage and integrity to survive it all. On August 9, 1945, the B-29 bomber wedged through the clouds in a Japanese city of Nagasaki that unleashed a 22-kiloton plutonium bomb known as â€Å"FatRead MoreAtomic Bomb : The Birth Of The Atomic Bombs2008 Words   |  9 PagesThe Atomic Bomb The birth of the Atomic bombs was during WWII, when the nations around the world were fighting against each other, due to disagreements between one another. At the beginning of the war, America was at a stalemate because they did not want to get involved in the war. Even though they were not involved in the war they were helping friendly allies with food supplies and ammunition. And then there was island to the east of the Korean peninsula, also known as Japan, who suddenly decidedRead More The Atomic Bomb1719 Words   |  7 PagesThe Atomic Bomb Albert Einstein predicted that mass could be converted into energy. This was the basis for the atomic bomb. Throughout this research paper, I will trace the history of the atomic bomb. In addition, who was involved and why, what happened in this event, and explain the impact that it had on the world. After Einstein predicted, that mass could be converted into energy. This was confirmed experimentally by John D. Cockcroft and Ernest Walton. â€Å"Physicists from 1939 onward conductedRead MoreThe Atomic Bomb2530 Words   |  11 PagesThe beginnings of the Nuclear Age started when Albert Einstein wrote to President Franklin Roosevelt warning him of a dangerous weapon the Nazis had begun researching, known as the atomic bomb. (1) Though, when President Roosevelt first read this letter, he was too preoccupied with events in Europe to be bothered with such ideas. He at the time did not take the creation of such weapon to seriously, nor did he believe America had the resources for such a task. (2) Finally, on October 19, 1939 PresidentRead MoreThe Atomic Bomb1584 Words   |  7 Pagesthe choice to drop the atomic bomb or to attempt more land invasions was a choice that shaped the outcome of the war. There were major influences and side effects from the dropping of the atomic bomb and what it did to the country of Japan. Having the option and the weight of the moral decision weighing on Truman’s shoulders about what decision should be made, he was the only one who was capable of making the decision that shaped the outcome of the war. Having dropped the bomb on Japan, as a statementRead MoreThe Atomic Bombs910 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the 20th century, specifically the year 1945, the United States of America had two atomic bombs that the commander and chief, and president at the time, Harry Truman, knew about. President Truman plan was to drop the bombs on two of Japans cities, Hiroshima first and then Nagasaki. Truman’s plans went accordingly, which to this day leads to a very controversial topic on whether or not dropping the atomic bombs was a good or bad thing. There is evidence and reasoning to back up both claims, inRead MoreThe Atomic Bomb1470 Words   |  6 Pagesover 70 years since the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, they r emain controversial as conscientious struggle with the ethics of using such weaponry in the course of armed conflict. President Truman had a number of options apart from the atomic bomb. He could have left the invasion of Japan to the Russians, whom wanted revenge for the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05, as well as the more recent conflict in Manchuria (Goldman, 2012). The dropping of the atomic bombs must have shocked many who

European Fascination With The Acquisition And Exploitation

European fascination with the acquisition and exploitation of territory began centuries before King Leopold II of Belgium’s birth. The Portuguese were among the first Europeans to explore and settle territories in Africa in the 15th century, arriving in the Congo in 1482 (Hochschild, p. 7). The newly arrived Europeans built missions, and began to take part in the slave trade that was already established in the region. Although African rulers took part in the slave trade, the scale of it was not as large and systematic as the one that European involvement quickly developed it into. Methods similar to those applied in the Congo during the reign of King Afonso became common practice throughout portions of Africa during the ensuing centuries.†¦show more content†¦Being â€Å"a king of a small country with no public interest in colonies...a colonial push of his own would require a strong humanitarian veneer† (Hochschild, p. 42). In order for civilized western countries to allow for Leopold to conquer territory in Africa, he would have to do it in the name of philanthropy. In the 19th century, Christian ideals such as moral empire -the religious duty to bring modern civilization to undeveloped countries- were popular among the general public (Hochschild, p.213). Knowing this, Leopold decided that he would use â€Å"curbing the slave trade, moral uplift, and the advancement of science† in his pitch to colonize Africa; â€Å"not profits† (Hochschild, p. 42). Leopold held a Geographical Conference in Brussels in 1876 to discuss bringing c ivilization to Africa, using the guise of a humanitarian effort to hide his true intentions. The outcome of the conference was the creation of the International African Association, of which he was elected chairman. This was the first of a series of seemingly altruistic ventures that allowed for Leopold to claim territory in Africa, and in the decades after that first achievement Leopold engaged in many other faux-philanthropic pursuits. Leopold utilized well positioned political allies to imply that he was building infrastructure in the Congo, gave interviews discussing his Christian duty to help the native peoples, financed his operations by selling bonds under the pretext of assisting Africans, andShow MoreRelatedMerger and Acquisition: Current Issues115629 Words   |  463 PagesMergers and Acquisitions Current Issues Edited by Greg N. Gregoriou and Karyn L. Neuhauser MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS Also edited by Greg N. Gregoriou ADVANCES IN RISK MANAGEMENT ASSET ALLOCATION AND INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENTS DIVERSIFICATION AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT OF MUTUAL FUNDS PERFORMANCE OF MUTUAL FUNDS Mergers and Acquisitions Current Issues Edited by GREG N. GREGORIOU and KARYN L. NEUHAUSER Selection and editorial matter  © Greg N. Gregoriou and Karyn L. NeuhauserRead MoreBritish Impact on India10478 Words   |  42 PagesManu Dharma Sastras. The historical texts emanating from Europe took on a canonical prestige among each generation of European writers seeking to define the societies they were studying. Their research often took place in a colonial context, while the primary sources they used to understand those societies were usually ancient religious texts. These religious texts were used by Europeans to define entire civilizations, regardless of the actual level of influence the texts had on daily life. For the BritishRead MoreReed Supermarket Case32354 Words   |  130 Pagesalliance 4.3 Video case study: Nike Questions for discussion References Part I Case studies I.1 I.2 I.3 I.4 Zara: a Spanish retailer goes to the top of world fashion Manchester United: still trying to establish a global brand Bridgestone Tyres: European marketing strategy Cereal Partners Worldwide (CPW): the number 2 world player is challenging the number 1 – Kellogg 146 152 155 162 PART II DECIDING WHICH MARKETS TO ENTER 5 Global marketing research Learning objectives 5.1 IntroductionRead MoreIntroduction of Sahara India Pariwar16656 Words   |  67 Pagesin India amp; abroad. SAHARA KASTURI HANDICRAFTS: Endeavors to provide sustainable employment to the artisans of the Handicraft Sector. The handicraft enterprise of Sahara India Pariwar is successfully marketing its products in the Domestic and European markets where established brands are already selling its dexterously manufactured high quality products. Firm plans are afoot to make an entry in the Middle East amp; in the leading retail chains of Indian market. The aforesaid are effectively realizingRead MoreI Love Reading Essay69689 Words   |  279 PagesJean Baptiste Say 3 See McCraw et al in supra note 2 as above; see also Per Davidson, ‘Researching Entrepreneurship’, Springer 2004, page 1-3, who succinctly states that ‘researching Entrepreneurship is fun, fascinating and frustrating†¦one of the fascinations is the richness of the phenomenon, which leads to one of its greatest frustrations, namely the lack of a common understanding of what precisely Entrepreneurship isâ€⠄¢. See also Abhishek Goel, Neharika Vohra, Liyan Zhang, Bhupinder Arora’ ‘AttitudesRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmodule. Typically the audience would be students in Business Schools but could also be students in Departments of Sociology, Schools of Education and so on. The learning needs of these students is for a book that reflects the best of Anglo-American, European and other thinking on organization theory in a manner that shows that different sorts of theory are relevant and can be made interesting for an understanding of the organizational world. . Preface xv Distinctive features The structureRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSaddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury VP Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production ProjectRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesFrancisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Editor in Chief: Eric Svendsen Acquisitions Editor: Kim Norbuta Editorial Project Manager: Claudia Fernandes Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Marketing Assistant: Ian Gold Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Senior Production Project

Civil War Began in 1787 free essay sample

Though the Civil War itself did not begin in 1787, many events from that point lead up to it. Such events like the creation of the â€Å"Northwest Ordinance of 1787†. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was a system of government for the territory North of Ohio. In these territories slavery would be prohibited. While in the south cotton was becoming very profitable after the invention of the cotton gin in 1793. The southern economy depended solely on cotton production. They needed cheap labor, which meant a lot of slaves. Northern economy was based more on industries rather than agriculture. The north industry would buy the raw cotton and turn into finished goods. So since the south was based on a plantation system while the north was focused on city life. This meant the north’s society evolved as people of different cultures and classed had to work together, while the south continued to hold on to an antiquated social order. We will write a custom essay sample on Civil War Began in 1787? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This difference between the norths would cause problems in the future. The Missouri Compromise passed in 1820 that passed a rule that prohibited slavery in states from the former Louisiana Purchase and Main. Leaving Missouri and west of it slave states. Which later on the Southern believed that slavery would be under attack and began to build arguments to protect it. The Mexican War of 1845–1846 was fueled, in part, by the desire of the United States to annex Texas. President James Polk asked Congress in August 1846 for $2 million to help him negotiate peace and settle the boundary with Mexico. Polk sought the acquisition of Texas and other Mexican territories. Wilmot quickly offered his proposal, known as the Wilmot Proviso, which he attached to President Polks funding measure. The proviso would have prohibited slavery in the new territories acquired from Mexico, including California. The 1846 Wilmot Proviso was a bold attempt by opponents of slavery to prevent its introduction in the territories purchased from Mexico following the Mexican War. Named after its sponsor, Democratic representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania, the proviso never passed both houses of Congress, but it did ignite an intense national debate over slavery that led to the creation of the antislavery Republican Party in 1854. Compromise of 1850 was created by Henry Clay and others to deal with the balance between slave and Free states, northern and southern interest. One of the provisions was the Fugitive Slave Act. All runaway slaves were, upon capture, to be returned to their masters. In 1852 Harriet Beecher Stowe published Uncle Toms Cabin. Sympathy began for the abolitionists and against slavery and slave holders. In 1854 the Nebraska Act created two new territories that would allow the states to use popular sovereignty to determine whether they would free or slave. The real issues were in Kansas where proslavery Missourians began to pour into the state to help force it to be slave. These â€Å"Border Ruffians† caused a fight in Lawrence called â€Å"bleeding Kansas† John Brown was a white man who hated slavery. He was very religious and thought slavery was against what the bible says. He was a mean and violent man. He thought that the only way to end slavery was with violence. On October 10, 1856 John Brown and group of black and white people, including his sons, rode into the small village in Virginia. The village name was Harpers Ferry. They had lots of weapons and stole even more. They attacked people at railroad station and took some of them hostage. The people in town fought back and many people from Browns group were killed. The day after, Robert E. Lee brought marines to town. They arrested John Brown and killed most of his group. Brown was hanged. Attack at Harpers Ferry started a way to Civil War because it made differences between the North and the South even greater. The Final and most decisive act to infuriate the South was the election of Abraham Lincoln as President in 1860. Before 1860 many Southern states, especially South Carolina made it clear that if the North gained control of Congress they would secede. Lincoln won the election without carrying any of the Southern States, even though he had pledged himself not to interfere with slavery where it existed, but by the same token was known to be convinced that slavery should not spread to the newly acquired territories. Following the election, South Carolina adopted the Ordinance OF Secession on December 20, 1860. Within six weeks the states of Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Louisiana, Georgia and Texas followed. When Fort Sumter was fired upon on April 12, 1861 and Lincoln called for troops to put down the rebellion, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee and North Carolina also decided to join the Confederacy. The American Civil War began on April 12, 1861. The Civil War ended on April 9, 1865 at Appomattox, Virginia. General Grant (North) and General Lee (South) met at the Appomattox Court House and Lee signed surrender papers. Grant gave him supplies for his soldiers and they shook hands. The war was over. The slavery was gone. The United States of America was one country again. Less than a week after the surrender, Lincoln was murdered.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Essays - Piston Engines,

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE INTRODUCTION Internal Combustion Engine, a heat engine in which the fuel is burned ( that is, united with oxygen ) within the confining space of the engine itself. This burning process releases large amounts of energy, which are transformed into work through the mechanism of the engine. This type of engine different from the steam engine, which process with an external combustion engine that fuel burned apart from the engine. The principal types of internal combustion engine are : reciprocating engine such as Otto-engine, and Diesel engines ; and rotary engines, such as the Wankel engine and the Gas-turbine engine. In general, the internal combustion engine has become the means of propulsion in the transportation field, with the exception of large ships requiring over 4,000 shaft horsepower ( hp). In stationary applications, size of unit and local factor often determine the choice between the use of steam and diesel engine. Diesel power plants have a distinct economic advantage over steam engine when size of the plant is under about 1,000 hp. However there are many diesel engine plants much large than this. Internal combustion engines are particularly appropriate for seasonal industries, because of the small standby losses with these engines during the shutdown period. History The first experimental internal combustion engine was made by a Dutch astronomer, Christian Huygens, who, in 1680, applied a principle advanced by Jean de Hautefeuille in 1678 for drawing water. This principle was based on the fact that the explosion of a small amount of gunpowder in a closed chamber provided with escape valves would create a vacuum when the gases of combustion cooled. Huygens, using a cylinder containing a piston, was able to move it in this manner by the external atmospheric pressure. The first commercially practical internal combustion engine was built by a French engineer, ( Jean Joseph ) Etienne Lenoir, about 1859-1860. It used illuminating gas as fuel. Two years later, Alphonse Beau de Rochas enunciated the principles of the four-stroke cycle, but Nickolaus August Otto built the first successful engine ( 1876 ) operating on this principle. Reciprocating Engine Components of Engines The essential parts of Otto-cycle and diesel engines are the same. The combustion chamber consists of a cylinder, usually fixed, which is closed at one end and in which a close-fitting piston slides. The in-and-out motion of the piston varies the volume of the chamber between the inner face of the piston and the closed end of the cylinder. The outer face of the piston is attached to a crankshaft by a connecting rod. The crankshaft transforms the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion. In multi-cylindered engines the crankshaft has one offset portion, called a crankpin, for each connecting rod, so that the power from each cylinder is applied to the crankshaft at the appropriate point in its rotation. Crankshafts have heavy flywheels and counterweights, which by their inertia minimize irregularity in the motion of the shaft. An engine may have from 1 to as many as 28 cylinders. Fig. 1, Component of Piston Engines. The fuel supply system of an internal-combustion engine consists of a tank, a fuel pump, and a device for vaporizing or atomizing the liquid fuel. In Otto-cycle engines this device is a carburetor. The vaporized fuel in most multi-cylindered engines is conveyed to the cylinders through a branched pipe called the intake manifold and, in many engines, a similar exhaust manifold is provided to carry off the gases produced by combustion. The fuel is admitted to each cylinder and the waste gases exhausted through mechanically operated poppet valves or sleeve valves. The valves are normally held closed by the pressure of springs and are opened at the proper time during the operating cycle by cams on a rotating camshaft that is geared to the crankshaft . By the 1980s more sophisticated fuel-injection systems, also used in diesel engines, had largely replaced this traditional method of supplying the proper mix of air and fuel; computer-controlled monitoring systems improved fu! el economy and reduced pollution. Ignition In all engines some means of igniting the fuel in the cylinder must be provided. For example, the ignition system of Otto-cycle engines , the mixture of air and gasoline vapor delivered to the cylinder from the carburetor